1.名词(noun)是命名事物,地点,人或者主意想法的词汇。
比如:pen/pencil, home/street, girl/boy, love/hate 还有特殊名词,特殊地点和人物名称,国家机构等。而这些词通常是第一个首字母大写的。比如:Jack/London/Asia
2.动词(verb)通常是描述一个主语的动作或者状态,比如:eat, sleep, jump, watch, think, feel
3.形容词(adjective)通常用来描述一个名词的,帮助信息沟通得更有趣,更深入。比如:red, blue, hot, cold, pretty, ugly
4.代词(pronoun)通常用来指代名词的,在对话中来替换早已就已经出现过的名词或者指代的东西。比如: I, we, she, he, it, they等
比如:Jack was hungry, so Jack opened Jack's backpack and took out of a sandwich. 这句话就显得很啰嗦繁复,而可以直接写成:Jack was hungry, so he opened his backpack and took out a sandwich.
5.介词(preposition)表达的是词语之间的关系,它们可以以单独的词出现,也可以以短语的形式出现。是让学生从简单句到熟悉更复杂多样的句型的重要内容。比如:in, on, under, in front of
6.副词(adverb)通常指代地点,时间,方式以及程度,修饰动词和形容词的一个更常见的用法。
比如:very, thoroughly(degree) here, there(place)
badly, wonderfully(manner) later, earlier, yesterday, tomorrow (time)
7.连词(conjunction)是用来连接句型,短语,从句的词语,它们通常很短,但是用法非常丰富。比如:and, if, but, or, for
连词还分为并列连词和从属连词。
并列连词表示的两者连接部分在语法上有相同重要,最常见的有:and, but, or.
比如:apple pie or jelly,或者 I thought it would snow, but it didn't.
而从属连词通常表示的是这两个连接部分不是同等重要,有主次之分,比如: before, since, till, unless, whereas.
比如:Business fail because they can't pay their bills.
I passed the test although i didn't study.
8.感叹词(interjection)通常用来表示一种强烈情感的词语,考试中不常见,但在电影对话里会见到比较多。比如:oh, dear, uh, oh, huh等
9.限定词(determiner)是放在名词之前,用来指定名词的。听起来很复杂,但实际上很简单。
比如: I want to eat apple. -- 这里并不能很清晰表明说话者指代的是什么。然而,如果我们加入一些限定词,情况就变更清晰了。
如:I want to eat the apple. I want to eat an apple. I want to eat that apple. I want to eat ten apple. I want to eat another apple.
这里的限定词是: an, that, this, ten, another等词语。
总结下来,所有的英语词汇就是这9大类:名词,动词,代词,副词,形容词,介词,连接词,感叹词,限定词。